Interesting fact: Taranto is known as the "City of Two Seas" due to its unique geographic configuration, which sees the city overlook two distinct bodies of water: the Mar Grande and the Mar Piccolo. This unique feature has made Taranto an important maritime center since ancient times. But there's more: beneath the surface of the Mar Piccolo lie numerous underwater freshwater springs called "citri." These springs create an ideal environment for mussel growth, making Taranto's mussels, known as "cozze tarantine," particularly renowned for their quality and flavor. The presence of citri not only contributes to marine biodiversity but also plays a key role in the local economy, with mussel farming being one of the area's main productive activities.
Welcome to the page dedicated to the Mar Piccolo of Taranto , a natural wonder located in the Puglia region. This body of water is renowned for its extraordinary biodiversity, its fascinating underwater freshwater springs called "citri," and its historical and cultural significance.
Characteristics of the Mar Piccolo
Geography
The Mar Piccolo is a coastal lagoon divided into two main inlets: the Primo Seno and the Secondo Seno. This lagoon is separated from the Mar Grande by a series of islands and a bridge, and extends for approximately 20 square kilometers. The average depth is about 10 meters, but can reach 13 meters in some areas.
Citri: The Underwater Springs
One of the most fascinating features of the Mar Piccolo are the numerous underwater freshwater springs, known locally as "citri." These natural springs feed the basin with freshwater that flows directly from the seabed, creating a unique environment rich in biodiversity.
Origin of Citri
Citri are formed by the presence of underground aquifers, which, due to pressure, allow freshwater to seep out through cracks and fissures in the rocky substrate of the seabed. These springs play a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance of the Mar Piccolo, contributing to its biological richness.
Ecological Impact
The freshwater of the citri mixes with the saltwater of the Mar Piccolo, creating a brackish (brackish) environment that supports an incredible variety of marine species. This phenomenon supports the life of mollusks, fish, and other marine creatures that thrive in these unique conditions.
Biodiversity
Flora and Fauna
The Mar Piccolo is a true paradise for nature lovers. Among the most representative species are:
- Posidonia oceanica : A marine plant that forms extensive underwater meadows, essential for the marine ecosystem.
- Mussels and Oysters : Farmed in the waters of the Mar Piccolo, they are appreciated for their quality and flavor.
- Fish : Including sea bass, gilt-head bream, grey mullet and white sea bream.
- Birds : Numerous species of aquatic birds, such as flamingos, herons and cormorants, frequent the shores of the Mar Piccolo.
Protected Areas
Part of the Mar Piccolo is included in protected areas to preserve its extraordinary natural heritage. These areas offer refuge to many threatened species and promote the conservation of marine and coastal habitats.
History and Culture
Historical Importance
The Mar Piccolo has a long history dating back to Roman times, when Taranto was an important commercial and military center. Its waters were used for fish and shellfish farming, a tradition that continues today.
Traditional Activities
Local communities have always depended on the Mar Piccolo for fishing and mussel farming. Traditional mussel farming techniques, passed down from generation to generation, are still practiced, contributing to the local economy and preserving ancient traditions.
Activities for Visitors
Boat Trips
One of the best ways to explore the Mar Piccolo is by boat. These trips allow visitors to observe the citrus trees, marine flora and fauna up close, and enjoy breathtaking views of the shores and surrounding islands.
Birdwatching
Thanks to the variety of birds that frequent the area, Mar Piccolo is an ideal place for birdwatching. Several observation areas are accessible to visitors, offering unique opportunities to admire rare and migratory species.
Seafood Tasting
Visitors can savor the delicious seafood of the Mar Piccolo at local restaurants, where fresh mussels and oysters are the house specialties. Many establishments also offer guided tours of mussel farms.
How to get there
Mar Piccolo is easily reachable from Taranto and the main cities of Puglia:
- By car : From Taranto, follow the signs for Mar Piccolo. Parking is available along the coast.
- By Train : Taranto train station is the closest. From there, you can take a bus or taxi.
- By Bus : Several bus lines connect Taranto with the surrounding areas of Mar Piccolo.
Useful Information
- Address : Mar Piccolo, Taranto, Puglia, Italy
- Opening Hours : Open all year round
- Contact : Taranto Tourist Office – Telephone: +39 099 4586111 – Email: info@turismotaranto.it
- Website : turismotaranto.it
Tips for Visitors
- Respect for the Environment : Follow the rules of the natural park and do not disturb the wildlife.
- Safety : Always wear a life jacket during boat trips and follow the guides' instructions.
Conclusion
Taranto's Mar Piccolo is a natural treasure that offers unforgettable experiences to all visitors. Whether you're a nature, history, or food enthusiast, you'll find something special in this enchanting corner of Puglia. Come discover the beauty and magic of the Mar Piccolo!
